UNIT – II

Introduction to Computer Networks – Definition, Advantages, Architecture: Peer-to-Peer and Client/Server Network. Network Topologies – Star, Ring, Bus, Tree, Mesh, Hybrid. Types of Network – Local Area Network (LAN), Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), Intranet and Internet. Wi-Fi, Bluetooth.

Communication Media & Connectors – Introduction to Data Communication – Analog and Digital Signals. Transmission mode: Simplex, Half-Duplex and Full-Duplex. Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP), shielded twisted-pair (STP), Fiber Optics and coaxial cable: RJ-45, RJ-11, BNC. Understanding colour codes of CAT5 cable. 568A and 568B convention.

Network Components – Modems, Firewall, Hubs, Bridges, Routers, Gateways, Repeaters, Transceivers, Switches– their functions, advantages and applications.

Protocols–OSI, TCP/IP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), Telnet, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP). Setting IP Address (IP4/IP6) & Subnet Mask, Classes of IP Addressing. Introduction to Network Security, Concept of Dynamic Host Control Protocol.

Intercom- Difference between Intercom and EPABX, Installation and Programming of EPABX, Troubleshooting of EPABX, Linking with other channels.